Обобщающие упражнения

1. TRANSLATE INTO RUSSIAN

1. Depending upon operations in drilling, they use core bits, roller-cutters or rotary bits.

2. Tool-pusher told the floor hand to put a snipe into the tool room

and bring a crescent wrench. 3. When RIH they use singles from pipe racks or stands from the

derrick.

4. There are different types of threads: regular and IF, 8-round and 10-round.

5. Before spudding a well you should ensure all safety precautions were taken.

6. Sumpless drilling is a type of drilling when used drilling mud can be applied again.

7. When circulating a well a junk basket is used to collect cuttings after work with a mill.

8. When tripping pipe joints must be tallied and drifted to avoid wax build up.

9. Acid blend is always tested for compatibility with oil before use.

10. You can determine depth of fluid level when swabbing if you count

drawworks drum wraps.

11. There were some tubing collar marks on the impression block.

12. After the BOP drill the driller went to the BOP stand to open the BOP again.

13. Scraper is used to clean casing of wax and wax-knife is used to clean tubing of wax.

14. In case of emergency a derrickman can use escape buggy line to escape.

15. Drawworks transmission malfunction caused emergency shut off.

16. When tripping pipe power tongs is one of the main pieces of equipment to look after.

17. Surge tank pressure gauge reading was a little higher than normal so they had to choke down.

18. Washover mill is usually installed on the end of a washover pipe and is used to cut off metal around pipe.

19. During workover they take Christmas tree off and install BOP to prevent a blowout.

20. Catwalk is usually spotted in front of a well and is used when picking up or laying down joints.

2. TRANSLATE INTO ENGLISH

1. В результате выброса манометр разбился.

2. При спуско-подъемных операциях необходимо замерять и шаблонировать трубы.

3. Пробойник - это электрический перфоратор, спускаемый в скважину на металлическом тросе.

4. Бурильщик определяет глубину спуска капсы по виткам на барабане лебедки.

5. Чтобы вызвать приток после кислотной обработки, иногда приходится долго свабировать, раскручивая нефть и проверяя обводненность.

6. Воронку накручивают на НКТ для предотвращения повреждения резьбы последней трубы, в качестве указателя последней трубы и для обеспечения нормального захода геофизических приборов в НКТ.

7. Когда ломик сбросили в скважину, детонатор не сработал и перфорация не удалась.

8. Для определения обводненности, нефть раскручивают в

центрифуге.

9. Тартальный канат используется для свабирования, а талевый

- дляСПО.

10. Пакер посадить не удалось, он сползает по колонне.

11. Селективная кислотная обработка - это способ последова­тельного воздействия на нефтеносный пласт кислотой.

12. Перед ремонтом скважины елку фонтанной арматуры демонтируют.

13. При ловильных работах используют разнообразный ловильный инструмент для ловли кабеля, НКТ или других упавших в скважину предметов.

14. Блок-крестовина на фонтанной арматуре дает возможность установить несколько резьбовых или глухих фланцев.

15. НКТ держатся на муфтовой подвеске, а муфтовая подвеска фиксируется в арматуре при помощи специальных болтов.

16. Мастер сказал верховому замерить количество жидкости в емкости и определить количество воды.

17. Манометр устанавливают для определения давления в НКТ и затрубном пространстве.

18. При помощи прихватоопределителя можно найти место, где трубы застряли в скважине.

19. Для защиты НКТ от кислоты в нее добавляют антикорро­зийный ингибитор.

20. Посадить или сорвать пакер возможно проворотом колонны НКТ влево или вправо.

21. Давление на сепараторе возросло и бурильщик уменьшил размер штуцера.

3. ANSWER THE QUESTIONS

1. What main departments in a standard oil company do you know?

2. How do a supervisor and a tool-pusher share their responsibilities at a drilling rig?

3. What two types of sedimentary rocks do you know?

4. What is porosity and what is permeability?

5. What drilling equipment used at a drilling rig do you know?

6. What are the methods to release pipe string when stuck in the hole?

7. What are the main parts of a Christmas tree?

8. What are the main external components of a wellhead?

9. What are the main internal components of a wellhead?

10. What are the main purposes of using valves?

11. What is a service rig used for?

12. What cables or lines used on a service rig do you know?

13. What are the main purposes of a mud pump at a service rig?

14. What are the main differences between selective an bullhead acid jobs?

15. Why bullet perforation is considered to be more dangerous than cummulative perforation?

16. What is swabbing?

17. What swabbing equipment do you know?

18. Which factors are essential for the process of oil and gas separation?

19. What is the difference between a stand and a joint?

20. What types of pipe do you know?

21. What fishing tools do you know?

22. How can pipelines be classified?

23. What types of dewaxing do you know?

24. How can pipelines be protected from corrosion?

25. What is the difference between wax-knives and scrapers?

4. FIND INCORRECT STATEMENTS AND CORRECT THEM

1. They usually do a pickle prior to an acid job.

2. If during pressure test a line does not hold pressure, it is entirely reassembled.

3. Hot oiling is a method to dewax a well.

4. If we wide open a choke on a well it will be producing more oil for many years ahead.

5. To determine watercut one should spin oil out.

6. Swabbing cup is made of heavy-duty metal and never wears out.

7. Junk basket is used to collect hand tools in the end of a working day.

8. When drilling they first run surface casing, then intermediate casing and then production casing with liner.

9. Drill pipe is not so heavy as tubing so it can be used only for routine operations.

10. When squeezing acid into formation the pump used should be powerful enough.

11. Bottom hole assembly is a combination of different tools run into the hole.

12. A stuck point is located by the tool called acidizing packer.

13. When flowing a well you should monitor wind's direction to prevent gas poisoning.

14. Surge tank is used to separate gas and oil.

15. H₂S is dangerous only in high concentrations.

5. FIND CORRECT ANSWER

1. Supervisor is a:

- manager's assistant;

- foreman in Production Department;

- engineer on site.

2. Completions Department is in charge of:

- maintaining pipelines;

- drilling;

-perforating jobs;

- roads construction.

3. Hydrocarbons origin is:

- remains of ancient plants and animals;

- ancient underground waters;

- result of chemical reaction of H₂S and air.

4. Drilling mud is used for:

- cleaning equipment after use;

- cooling down the bit;

- washing out cuttings;

- mixing acid blend.

5. Wellhead provides for:

- access to casing and tubing;

- increase of formation pressure;

- launching a pipeline pig.

6. Valves are used to:

• - control hydrostatic pressure;

- control and stop fluid flow;

- control H₂S concentration.

7. Service rig is:

- bigger than a drilling rig;

- smaller than a drilling rig;

- not different from a drilling rig.

8. ВОР is used for:

- shutting in a well in case of a kick;

- oil and gas separation;

- installation of tubing and casing valves.

9. The purpose of acid job is:

- to retrieve tools stuck in the hole;

- to stimulate formation;

- to prepare the well for perforating job.

10. The purpose of swabbing is to:

- increase oil production;

- inject water in the well;

- recover water and initiate flow.

11. Separator is a device:

- installed on the well bottom;

- used for oil and gas separation;

- separating two wells.

12. The purpose of fishing job is to:

- get rid of wax in the well;

- catch some fish in underground waters

- retrieve pipe and tools fallen to the well bottom.

13. Pigs in pipelines are launched to:

- clean the pipeline of wax;

- check the pipeline integrity;

- push H₂S out of the pipeline;

- have fun.

14. H₂S can be found:

- everywhere;

- in oil wells natural gas;

- only in specially designed tanks.

15. When you see a man down in H₂S area you must:

- run to help him;

- put on an air pack and then rescue him;

- run out of the area and quit working for the company.

6. LISTEN TO THE TEXT ON THE TAPE AND TRANSLATE IT ORALLY INTO ENGLISH SENTENCE BY SENTENCE

7. TOPICS. CHECK YOURSELF.

1. Oil Company structure and personnel.

2. Hydrocarbons origin.

3. Well drilling.

4. Wellhead equipment.

5. Valves.

6. Service rig equipment.

7. Well completion.

8. Well swabbing and testing.

9. Tripping pipe. Fishing job.

10. Pipelines.

11. Safety.